After. Thu, May 16, 2019. TVPG. (Image credit: Shutterstock) The Big Bang theory represents cosmologists ' best. Sheldon Cooper. A number of TV roles followed until in 1990 she was cast in Blossom (1990), the role which made her famous. In short, the Big Bang hypothesis states that all of the current and past matter in the Universe came into existence at the same time, roughly 13. English. 7878. We can say, with an extreme degree of confidence based on multiple independent lines of evidence, that our. It stars Iain Armitage as Sheldon Cooper, a socially. In short, the Big Bang hypothesis states that all of the current and past matter in the Universe came into existence at the same time, roughly 13. Because the term depends on the prevailing consensus, the meaning of the. According to the Big Bang close Big Bang The scientific theory that describes the early development of the Universe. 12x2. Jenna Ryu. Ο Λέοναρντ και ο Σέλντον είναι λαμπροί φυσικοί επιστήμονες, λάτρεις του σύμπαντος και θαυμαστές της μεγαλοσύνης του. She is an actress and director, known for The Recruit (2022), Never Have I Ever (2020) and The Big Bang Theory (2007). , M. George Marshall "Georgie" Cooper Jr. The big-bang theory is the dominant theory of the origin of the universe. 1x13. Diary of a Wimpy Kid. Under conditions of extreme heat, all the matter and energy that make up the universe spread out to create space. Powered by TENIESONLINETENIESONLINEAfter 12 seasons, The Big Bang Theory finally came to an end, but it still left its viewers and even its cast in shock as to why the sitcom was canceled. The big bang theory was thought up almost 100 years ago. All the other heavier elements -- including elements common on earth, such as carbon. Short Black With Sandra Sully. The Webb telescope finds surprisingly massive galaxies from the universe's youth. Melissa Rauch. It states that about 13. : Season 1, Επεισόδιο 17. Here’s the theory: In the first 10^-43 seconds of its existence, the universe was very compact, less than a million billion billionth the. Η σκουληκότρυπα του γαμήλιου δώρου Sep 27, 2018. ET. And then it exploded outward. The standard big bang theory says the universe began with a massive explosion, but the new theory suggests it is a cyclic event that consists of repeating big bangs. The Big Bang Theory (TV Series 2007–2019) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. Ο Λέοναρντ και ο Σέλντον είναι λαμπροί φυσικοί επιστήμονες, λάτρεις του σύμπαντος και θαυμαστές της. Actor: The Big Bang Theory. They formed atoms. The comic book store is run by fellow geek and recurring character Stuart. The history of the Big Bang theory began with the Big Bang's development from observations and theoretical considerations. You could budget $1,825 or more per month for Penny’s 1BHK (bedroom, hall, and kitchen). Comedy. The history of the Big Bang theory began with the Big Bang 's development from observations and theoretical considerations. There are so many hysterical episodes so this is just part one! #The. With the one-hour finale significantly devoted in Sheldon and Amy's bid for the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on Super Asymmetry, the rest of the gang go through their own. has zero curvature) and is made up of 5% baryons (i. The Big Bang, as it turns out, is scientifically flawed. Hubble's Law of the expansion. Christina Dugan Ramirez. This chapter focuses on the emergence and development of the Big Bang theory of the universe, from the mid 1940s to the late 1970s. , is a main character in The Big Bang Theory. Melissa Ivy Rauch was born in Marlboro, New Jersey. Plot details are being. Director Michael Bay Writers Chuck HoganMitchell Zuckoff Stars John KrasinskiPablo SchreiberJames Badge Dale Trailer – LINk1 – LINK2. Immersed in the world of "Squid Game," 456 real players put their skills — and character — to the ultimate test for a life-changing $4. (Image credit: Shutterstock) The Big Bang theory represents cosmologists ' best. Actress: The Big Bang Theory. Ταινίες σειρες online με ελληνικους υποτιτλους Voody. logo image. Η συζυγική διαμόρφωση Sep 24, 2018. The potential problem with distant galaxies isn't that they exist. Two nerdy physicists share an apartment and an unlikely friendship with their beautiful neighbour with whom one of them is infatuated. Készítői Chuck Lorre és Bill Prady, akik egyben vezető producerei a sorozatnak, Lee Aronsohn és Steven Molaro vezető írókkal együtt. Directed By Taika Waititi. George Marshall Cooper Sr. Eddie Braun. Additionally, Cuoco also. This causes Leonard to spend less time with his friends and more. The Big Bang Theory: A history of the Universe starting from a singularity and expanding ever since. e. 0 references. 02K compared to a prediction of 1. 20min. . Like what a good idea it was to elope the first time. Penny is the only one of the girls who has been on The Big Bang Theory since the pilot first began airing in 2007. As demonstrated by the existing prequel Young Sheldon, shows such as The Big Bang. 8 billion years. The Big Bang theory is a scientific theory that explains how the universe began and how it has evolved over time. The Big Bang is the singular cataclysmic event that started it all: the instant 13. jpg. 12x1. The Short Answer: The big bang is how astronomers explain the way the universe began. Air Force. By assuming that the matter in the universe is distributed uniformly on the largest scales, one can use General Relativity to compute the corresponding. —a. He is a Jewish aerospace engineer and ex-astronaut. Ηθοποιοί Chris Hemsworth, Christian Bale. The theory itself was originally formalised by Father Georges Lemaître in 1927. Ο παράδεισος των φυτών Apr. BIG BANG TIMELINE. 5 Episodes 2009. The Big Bang Theory is an American sitcom created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, it aired on CBS on September 24, 2007, and ended with its twelfth season on May 16, 2019. Then those atoms grouped together. The Big Bang Theory (2007-) online with greek subs Χάρη στο Gamato, βλέπετε την ταινία και τηλεοπτική σειρά σε απευθείας. Solar System Formation, 8. She first appeared in "The Egg Salad Equivalency". In 2015, it was reported that such shifts had been detected in the CMB. The universe began with a bang. 3. Photo courtesy of AIP Emilio Segré Visual Archives, Dorothy Davis Locanthi Collection. ―Sheldon Cooper to his friends in, The Stockholm Syndrome Sheldon Lee Cooper, B. They've found that the universe contains about 74 percent hydrogen and 26 percent helium by mass, the two lightest elements. The Big Bang Theory is centered on five characters living in Pasadena, California: roommates Leonard Hofstadter and Sheldon Cooper; Penny, a waitress and aspiring actress who lives across the hall; and Leonard. 2 Episodes 2008. June 2, 2016. 9. The Big Bang model of cosmology rests on two key ideas that date back to the early 20th century: General Relativity and the Cosmological Principle. The Big Bang relies on an idea called inflation: the massively, unfathomably fast increase in volume of the universe in the tiniest fractions of a second following the Big Bang. Browse: Gamato » The Big Bang Theory (2007-) The Big Bang Theory (2007-) Ο Λέοναρντ και ο Σέλντον είναι λαμπροί φυσικοί επιστήμονες, λάτρεις του σύμπαντος και. Η συζυγική διαμόρφωση Sep 24, 2018. Το κουρκούτι και το δοχείο του Mar 31, 2008. Δείτε περισσότερα. The Big Bang Theory: Created by Chuck Lorre, Bill Prady. pan s labyrinth gamato κοραλι. The Big Bang, a cosmological model of the universe; The Big Bang Theory, an American TV sitcom; It may also refer to: Music "The History of Everything", AKA the theme from. The steady-state model fell as the other pillars of the Big Bang Theory were found, and especially after the discovery of quasars and of the CMBR, the steady-state model was abandoned in favor of. Hopefully for the last time" ―Penny, The Conjugal Conjecture Penny Hofstadter, is the tritagonist of the American CBS sitcom. TV, thegmtv, big bang theory gamato, gamato big bang theory 3 Νοεμβρίου 2023 · by Gamato · in Βιογραφία, Ντοκιμαντέρ, Ταινίες · Ετικέτες: 2023 Fingernails (2023) Η Άννα και ο Ράιαν έχουν βρει την αληθινή αγάπη, και αυτό αποδεικνύεται από μια αμφιλεγόμενη νέα τεχνολογία. Eddie Braun. 3 Νοεμβρίου 2023 · by Gamato · in Βιογραφία, Ντοκιμαντέρ, Ταινίες · Ετικέτες: 2023 Fingernails (2023) Η Άννα και ο Ράιαν έχουν βρει την αληθινή αγάπη, και αυτό αποδεικνύεται από μια αμφιλεγόμενη νέα τεχνολογία. Our. , and Missy Cooper and widow of George Cooper Sr. Mary Cooper (née Tucker) is the mother of Sheldon Cooper, George Cooper Jr. **Some of the best quotations and scenes of Sheldon cooper from the big bang theory. r. We used to think the Big Bang meant the universe began from a singularity. . Favorite TV Shows: The Big Bang Theory ; Favorite Actress: Meryl Streep; A Quick Overview of Melissa Rauch’s Career. Various cosmological models of the Big Bang explain the evolution of the observable universe from the earliest known periods through its. If we go by the evidence, ~95% of the universe is invisible. Heeramandi Sanjay Leela Bhansali brings his majestic signature flair to stories of love and betrayal in the lives of courtesans in pre-independence India. Brad Martin. Actor: The Big Bang Theory. In 1985, he said that “to desire a scientific proof of God would be equivalent to lowering God to the level of the beings of our world, and we would therefore be mistaken. She Has Worked as a Waitress. . The big bang theory was thought up almost 100 years ago. Ο Λέοναρντ και ο Σέλντον είναι λαμπροί φυσικοί επιστήμονες, λάτρεις του σύμπαντος και θαυμαστές της μεγαλοσύνης του. The prevailing theory describes a peculiar form of energy that can suddenly. Big Bang Theory; Statements. The first of the main five that appeared in every episode, Kunal came into the show as the awkward Raj, who couldn't talk to women. Browse: Gamato » The Big Bang Theory (2007-) The Big Bang Theory (2007-) Ο Λέοναρντ και ο Σέλντον είναι λαμπροί φυσικοί επιστήμονες, λάτρεις του σύμπαντος και θαυμαστές της μεγαλοσύνης του. 8 billion years ago, the universe expanded from an extremely small,. He is the first friend in high school that Sheldon ever made. t. "The Stockholm Syndrome" is the series finale of the American television sitcom The Big Bang Theory. Physicists Leonard and Sheldon find their nerd-centric social circle with pals Howard and Raj expanding when aspiring actress Penny moves in next door. John Mark Galecki was born in Bree, Belgium, to American parents; his father was stationed there while serving in the U. 12x1. 77 billion years. is the late father of Sheldon Cooper, Georgie Cooper, and Missy Cooper and late husband of Mary Cooper. Αν θέλετε να περάσετε χρόνο με το αγαπημένο σας πρόσωπο και να δείτε κάτι ρομαντικό, στην. Prior to her. The Big Bang Theory. m. This dominant cosmological theory suggests the Universe began nearly 13. (7. He died approximately 12-13 years before The Big Bang Theory began in September 2007,. The universe began with a bang. The Big Bang is a scientific theory about how the universe started, and then made the stars and galaxies we see today. As more observations are made and more research conducted, the Big Bang theory becomes more complete and our knowledge of the origins of the universe more. 56 million prize. An event known as the big bang occurred approximately. “The problem with the usual account of eternal inflation is that it assumes an existing background universe that evolves according to Einstein’s theory of general relativity and treats the quantum effects as small fluctuations. Astronomers combine mathematical models with observations to develop workable theories of how the Universe came to be. The inflationary epoch is believed to have lasted from 10 −36 seconds to between 10 −33 and 10 −32 seconds after the Big Bang. He is a Jewish aerospace engineer and ex-astronaut. John Paul II once cautioned that we should not use the Big Bang Theory in this way ( Message to the Director of the Vatican Observatory,1988 ). 2007. Girls Pictionary! Things get pretty interesting when Sheldon uses. 8 billion years ago when the universe began as a tiny, dense, fireball that exploded. ”. From 2007 to 2019, he played Sheldon Cooper in the CBS sitcom The Big Bang Theory. 1 Episode 2007. Μαζί, ξεκινούν μια κοσμική περιπέτεια για να αποκαλύψουν το μυστήριο πίσω από την εκδίκηση του Γκορ και να τον σταματήσουν πριν να είναι πολύ αργά. The causal set approach neatly removes the problem of the Big Bang singularity because, in the theory, singularities can't exist. The meaning of BIG BANG THEORY is a theory in astronomy: the universe originated billions of years ago in a rapid expansion from a single point of nearly infinite energy density. Emily St. Here’s the theory: In the first 10^-43 seconds of its existence, the universe was very compact, less than a million billion billionth the. According to. 12x1. Bigfoot Family. Just like her character Bernadette in ‘The Big Bang Theory’, Melissa Rauch has worked as a waitress. 5 to 9 billion years after the Big Bang ). The Big Bang Theory aired on CBS in the US. The Big Bang Theory. , is the mother of Leonard Hofstadter, Michael Hofstadter and a daughter and ex-wife of Alfred Hofstadter. St. Mensa-fied best friends and roommates Leonard and Sheldon, physicists who work at the California Institute of Technology, may be able to tell everybody more than they want to know about quantum physics but getting through most basic social situations, especially. The Big Bang is the name that scientists use for the most. If you're still hoping to stream The Big Bang Theory without shelling out $15 to HBO Max every month, then you can always purchase all 12 seasons from apps like Google Play and Apple. 12 Seasons. 28 Οκτωβρίου 2023 · by Gamato · in Δράση, Ιστορία, Ταινίες online με ελληνικους υποτιτλους · Ετικέτες: 2016. About. Its essential feature is the emergence of the universe from a state of extremely high temperature and density—the so-called big bang that occurred 13. In the lively apartment of Penny, the tension between her and her intellectually superior friends. Johnny Galecki. She initially was discovered by Raj and Howard as a possible match for Sheldon through an. Over the course of nearly 300 episodes, The Big Bang Theory developed quite a few running gags, recurring bits, and even unsolved mysteries. Watch The Big Bang Theory Mensa-fied best friends and roommates Leonard and Sheldon, physicists who work at the California Institute of Technology, may be able to tell everybody more than they want to know about quantum physics but getting through most basic social situations, especially ones involving women, totally baffles them. Ύστερα από έναν κακό χωρισμό η Penny συμφωνεί τελικά να βγει ραντεβού με τον Leonard. Credit: grandunificationtheory. By Joel Keller Oct. 5 million in the same time period. Sc. The term non-standard is applied to any theory that does not conform to the scientific consensus. CBS/YouTube. That moment was the Big Bang. . Howard Joel Wolowitz, M. THE BIG BANG THEORY. The Big Bang Theory season 12. While going to school, Melissa performed stand-up comedy around Manhattan, and soon made a name for herself on the NYC comedy scene. The theory itself was originally formalised by Father Georges Lemaître in 1927. The Big Bang Theory σειρά online δωρεάν Greek subs ή μεταγλωττισμένη Tainiomania, The Big Bang Theory με ελληνικους υποτιτλους Tainies online. Starring: Johnny Galecki,Jim Parsons,Kaley Cuoco. 2007 | Maturity rating: M | Comedies. Come for the battle of the sexes, stay for the positively unhinged drawings — it's Guys vs. Solar System Formation, 8. 1 Episode 2009. Tam is a pessimistic, short-tempered Vietnamese-American boy who attends the same high school as Sheldon. TBBT logo. . The answer is no. The far left depicts the earliest moment we can now probe, when a period of inflation produced a burst of exponential. $8199. He is a Jewish aerospace engineer and ex-astronaut. In answering this question, the Big Bang theory removes the need for a creator. Full Episode Tuesday, Nov 14The Big Bang theory provides a viable solution to one of the most pressing questions of all time. . The Big Bang is the singular cataclysmic event that started it all:. Warner Bros The Big Bang Theory: The Complete Series [DVD] £52 at Amazon. Plot details are being. It suggests that about 1370 crore (13. With Johnny Galecki, Jim Parsons, Kaley Cuoco, Simon Helberg. Much of the theoretical work in cosmology now involves extensions and refinements to the basic Big Bang model. Βρείτε όλους τους υπότιτλους από την αγαπημένη σας σειρά για κάθε σεζόν και για κάθε επεισόδιο που έχει ήδη προβληθεί στην τηλεόραση. Actress: Beaches. The Big Bang model is that the began in an extremely dense and hot condition and has expanded. All you need is to connect to. Watch The Big Bang Theory and more new shows on Max. See ya, wouldn't wanna be ya. Caltech operates the NASA. The Big Bang Theory season 12. Frequently seen hanging out with Leonard and Sheldon are friends and fellow Caltech scientists Wolowitz and Koothrappali. Sheldon (Jim Parsons) and Leonard (Johnny Galecki) may be geniuses, but without their outgoing neighbor Penny (Kaley Cuoco) they’d be lost when it comes to s. Κωμωδία ; 2007; When Wolowitz dresses up as Sheldon for Halloween, Sheldon seeks retaliation at Leonard and Penny's Halloween party. Εν τω μεταξύ ο Raj επεμβαίνει στην συζήτηση του Howard και της Bernadette σχετικά με το μωρό. With Sheldon, Leonard, and Penny as the stars, fans adored the dynamic between the three. Its lineup included a memorable and perhaps, for some, even relatable cast of characters, including the. Yet it still holds many mysteries. The show's harshest critics were wrong. szeptember 24-én volt az. Abstract. Cuckolding. theory, about 13. (Image credit: NASA/WMAP Science Team) The Big Bang was not an explosion in space, as the theory. . The Social Group or Team Leonard refers to the group of best friends consisting of the main characters of The Big Bang Theory and its spin offs, including Young Sheldon. #TheBigBangTheory#10FunniestMomentsBigBangTheoryCheck your local listings and watch The Big Bang Theory on TBS. Howard Joel Wolowitz, M. Το The Vampire Diaries είναι αμερικανική υπερφυσική-φαντασίας τρόμου, δραματική τηλεοπτική σειρά. Credit: NASA. pan s labyrinth gamato κοραλι. Η σκουληκότρυπα του γαμήλιου δώρου Sep 27, 2018. You are beautiful. Κωμωδία ; 2007; O Sheldon,η Amy, ο Leonard και η Penny πάνε στο Big Bear και μοιράζονται μία καλύβα. Watchlist. 12x1. 5 - 9 billion years: Our Sun is a late-generation star, incorporating the debris from many generations of earlier stars, and it and the Solar System around it form roughly 4. However, when he. An article (“The Self-Reproducing Inflationary Universe”) by famed cosmologist Andrei Linde in the November 1994 issue of Scientific American revealed that the standard Big Bang Theory has been “scientifically brain dead” for quite some time. The Big Bang Theory explains how the universe began with an infinitely hot and dense single point that inflated to form the ever-expanding cosmos we see today. Most astronomers use the Big Bang theory to explain how the universe began. 0:00. The Big Bang Theory is, unfortunately for its fans, one of those TV series that finally ended in May of 2019, as noted by the Los Angeles Times. The Big Bang Theory Season 1 subtitles Greek. genre. Janine Davis is Caltech's administrator of Human Resources Management. The basics of the theory are fairly simple. S12. Brilliant yet awkward nine-year-old Sheldon Cooper lands in high school where his smarts leave everyone stumped in this "The Big Bang Theory" spinoff. The light from. Her husband passed in 1994, at least near 13 years before The Big Bang Theory began in September 2007. The new project would be the second "Big Bang Theory" spinoff, following "Young Sheldon," currently in its sixth season. She is married to Purvesh Mankad. Το μπολ μπισκότων Μπάτμαν Apr 21, 2008. 8, 2021, 2:30 p. She attended Marymount Manhattan College in New York City, where she received a BFA degree. The show starred an ensemble cast led by Jim Parsons, Johnny Galecki, and Kaley Cuoco and followed the adventures of a group of highly intelligent but socially awkward scientists living in. **Intro song forcefully muted by Copyright strike, skip it. 5 to 9 billion years after the Big Bang ). She is a devout born-again Christian from East Texas. Surprise: the Big Bang isn’t the beginning of the universe anymore. By ScienceAlert Staff. At its core the book tries to explain the messy business of how astronomers came to believe in the Big Bang theory in the first place. RELATED: One Quote From Each TBBT Main Character That Goes Against. Leonard volunteers to sign for a package, hoping to make a good impression on Penny. He is the first friend in high school that Sheldon ever made. Χάρη στο Gamato, βλέπετε ταινίες online με ελληνικούς υπότιτλους δωρεάν, gamato movies and tv shows free - Ταινίες & Τηλεοπτικές Σειρές GAMATO. The Big Bang Theory is an American television sitcom created by Chuck Lorre. 12x2. She is also the grandmother of Missy Cooper's son and the. If you're still hoping to stream The Big Bang Theory without shelling out $15 to HBO Max every month, then you can always purchase all 12 seasons from apps like Google Play and Apple. For a general overview of the Big Bang theory, check out "Your Place in the Universe" by Paul M. When he was three years old, his family moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he grew up with his parents, Mary Lou and Richard Galecki, and siblings, sister Allison (1980) and. e. Kunal Nayyar. kai esy pos eisai toso sigouros kai to les auto anikes sto gamato kai se dioksane kai bgazeis xolh i aplos bgazeis xolh? 1 eblepa xrysoi kai gamato kai alla prin ta klisoune ta perisotera, apo tote mexri tora to gamato einai to mono pou exei panta aristh poiotita tainion sto 90 tis ekato opote psifizo gamato ego kai as grafei o diaxiristeis 100000000 sxolia gia ton eayto tou ta aksizei. Εδώ θα βρείτε βίντεο που μπορείτε να δείτε με τα παιδιά σας. The man formerly known as aerospace engineer Howard Wolowitz reunited with one of his Big Bang Theory co-stars in As They Made Us. AKA: The Celebration Reverberation, Теорiя великого вибуху, Agymenők, TBBT. " Sheldon is a theoretical physicist from Caltech who rooms with Leonard in apartment 4A of their rundown apartment building, in which the elevator always seems to be out of order. The Big Bang Theory had the misfortune of being an incredibly successful iteration of the tried and true multi-cam sitcom format in a time when Peak TV and. Retrieved February 19,The Big Bang Theory: Season 1. A model and commercial actress from the age of 6, Cuoco's first major role was in the TV movie Quicksand: No Escape. They've found that the universe contains about 74 percent hydrogen and 26 percent helium by mass, the two lightest elements. The Big Bang Theory. The Big Bang is a scientific theory about how the universe started, and then made the stars and galaxies we see today. Aarti Mann was born in Connecticut, USA. Then suddenly with a bang, the Universe began to. Now, 15 years after the. The history of the Big Bang theory began with the Big Bang's development from observations and theoretical considerations. 5 Φεβρουαρίου 2023 · by Gamato · in Comedy, Τηλεοπτικές Σειρές ·. 7 billion years: The expansion of the universe and recycling of. A new spinoff for The Big Bang Theory is currently in the works at Warner Bros, and while most of the story, cast, and release date information remains a tightly-kept secret, there are still several details that the producers have revealed about the show. D. Η συζυγική διαμόρφωση Sep 24, 2018. Pilot: Directed by James Burrows. S. The explosion that caused the creation of the universe was just the beginning, and everything that comes after that, from mere seconds. Lemaître's theory became better known as the "Big Bang theory," a picturesque term playfully coined during a 1949 BBC radio broadcast by the astronomer Fred Hoyle, who was a proponent of the steady state universe and remained so until his death in 2001. Penned and directed by Mayim Bialik, the. He died approximately 12-13 years before The Big Bang Theory began in September 2007,. a cosmology), beginning with a “singularity” when all mass, energy, and space was contained in a much smaller volume than the universe today. The Big Bang. It postulates that our universe began at a specific instant, expanded to be flat (i. Cosmologists have predicted that stars didn't form for another 180 million years. We can think of it as a ball of dough with raisins. June 2, 2016. Bigfoot’s now a big deal. They tried to leap but they were late. ”. The Big Bang is the most widely-supported theory today regarding the origin of the universe. Simply put, it says the universe as we know it started with an infinitely hot and dense single point that inflated and. Sanjay Leela Bhansali brings his majestic signature flair to stories of love. ET. The CBS sitcom first aired in September of 2007 and concluded in May of. Ηθοποιοί Chris Hemsworth, Christian Bale. 2. It postulates that 12 to 14 billion years ago, the portion of the universe we can see today was only a few millimeters across. Αποτελούσαν πάντα. Most of these revolve around the fact that what we see doesn’t match what theory tells us. It is riddled with problems, supported by numerous unobserved assumptions, and, most importantly. He is the son of an overbearing mother, Debbie Wolowitz, who cares very little about his scientific accomplishments and still talks to him as if he were a child, and Sam Wolowitz who left him and his mother. He also has an on-and-off platonic. The big bang is a naturalistic story about the origin and development of the universe (e. Big-bang model, widely held theory of the evolution of the universe.